LEXICAL BORROWING IN MODERN ENGLISH: CAUSES AND CONSEQUENCES
Keywords:
Key words: Lexical borrowing, English vocabulary, loanwords, language contact, globalization, linguistic assimilation, etymology, language change.Abstract
Annotation: This article examines the phenomenon of lexical borrowing in modern English, exploring its main causes, mechanisms, and consequences. Lexical borrowing—the process of adopting words from other languages—has played a crucial role in the historical and contemporary development of the English lexicon. The study highlights how social, cultural, technological, and political factors have contributed to the continuous enrichment of English vocabulary. Furthermore, it analyzes the linguistic and semantic changes borrowed words undergo after assimilation. The paper concludes that lexical borrowing reflects not only linguistic evolution but also the dynamic interaction between cultures in a globalized world.
References
1. Durkin, P. (2014). Borrowed Words: A History of Loanwords in English. Oxford University Press.
2. Haspelmath, M. (2009). Lexical borrowing: Concepts and issues. Loanwords in the World’s Languages, 35–54.
3. Thomason, S. G., & Kaufman, T. (1988). Language Contact, Creolization, and Genetic Linguistics. University of California Press.
4. McMahon, A. M. S. (1994). Understanding Language Change. Cambridge University Press.
5. Winford, D. (2010). Contact and borrowing. In R. Hickey (Ed.), The Handbook of Language Contact. Wiley-Blackwell.
6. Haugen, E. (1950). The analysis of linguistic borrowing. Language, 26(2), 210–231.
7. Trudgill, P. (2000). Sociolinguistics: An Introduction to Language and Society. Penguin Books.
