INTEGRATION OF EDUCATION AND SCIENCE: GLOBAL CHALLENGES AND SOLUTIONS
INTEGRATION OF EDUCATION AND SCIENCE: GLOBAL CHALLENGES AND SOLUTIONS - Conference proceedings are recommended for scientists and teachers in higher education establishments. They can be used in education, including the process of post - graduate teaching, preparation for obtain bachelors' and masters' degrees. The review of all articles was accomplished by experts, materials are according to authors copyright. The authors are responsible for content, researches results and errors.
AKSIYADORLIK JAMIYATLARIDA RAQAMLI BOSHQARUV INFRATUZILMASINI TAKOMILLASHTIRISH YO‘NALISHLARI
Zamonaviy iqtisodiy rivojlanish sharoitida aksiyadorlik jamiyatlari faoliyatining samaradorligi bevosita raqamli texnologiyalardan foydalanish darajasiga bog‘liq bo‘lib bormoqda. Raqamli iqtisodiyotga o‘tish jarayonlari korxonalar boshqaruv tizimlarini tubdan yangilashni, axborot texnologiyalarini keng joriy etishni hamda boshqaruv infratuzilmasini zamonaviy talablar asosida takomillashtirishni talab etmoqda. Biroq amaliyot shuni ko‘rsatadiki, ko‘plab aksiyadorlik jamiyatlarida raqamli boshqaruv infratuzilmasi yetarli darajada rivojlanmagan bo‘lib, bu holat korxonalar faoliyatining umumiy samaradorligiga salbiy ta’sir ko‘rsatmoqda.
Pul-kredit siyosati va uning iqtisodiy barqarorlikdagi roli
Ushbu maqola pul-kredit siyosatining iqtisodiy barqarorlikdagi rolini tahlil qiladi. Unda pul-kredit siyosatining nazariy asoslari, instrumentlari va O'zbekistondagi o'ziga xos xususiyatlari ko'rib chiqiladi. Maqola pul-kredit siyosatini takomillashtirish yo'nalishlarini aniqlashga qaratilgan.
ПРОЕКТИРОВАНИЕ ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНЫХ КВЕСТОВ В ПРОЦЕССЕ ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОЙ ПОДГОТОВКИ УЧИТЕЛЕЙ РУССКОГО ЯЗЫКА
В статье рассматриваются особенности проектирования и внедрения образовательных квестов в систему профессиональной подготовки будущих учителей русского языка. Автор обосновывает актуальность использования игровых технологий как средства формирования профессиональных компетенций, развития критического мышления и повышения цифровой грамотности студентов. В работе описываются этапы разработки квеста — от постановки дидактической задачи до выбора платформы и системы оценивания. Особое внимание уделяется специфике филологических дисциплин и интеграции методических задач в игровой контекст. Результаты исследования подтверждают, что квест-технология способствует переходу от пассивного усвоения знаний к активной учебно-профессиональной деятельности.
KICHIK VA OʻRTA BIZNES SUBYEKTLARIDA RAQAMLI TRANSFORMATSIYA BOSHQARUVI: SAMARADORLIKNI BAHOLASH MODELI VA OPTIMALLASHTIRISH MEXANIZMLARI
Raqamli iqtisodiyot sharoitida kichik va o‘rta biznes (KOB) subyektlarining barqaror rivojlanishi strategik boshqaruv paradigmasining o‘zgarishini talab qilmoqda. Jahon banki ma’lumotlariga ko‘ra, KOBlar dunyo bo‘yicha korxonalar sonining 90 foizidan ortig‘ini tashkil etadi hamda global bandlikning taxminan 50 foizini ta’minlaydi. Rivojlanayotgan davlatlarda esa rasmiy sektordagi ish o‘rinlarining 70 foizgacha qismi aynan KOB hissasiga to‘g‘ri keladi (Jahon banki, 2020). Shu sababli raqamli transformatsiya jarayonida KOB boshqaruvining samaradorligi nafaqat mikroiqtisodiy, balki makroiqtisodiy ahamiyatga ham ega.
THE IMPORTANCE OF PRACTICAL TRAINING IN TEACHING THE SUBJECT OF ELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM
This article discusses the significant role of problem-solving in the study of physics. It presents the most important general methods and approaches to solving problems that help teachers develop students’ physical thinking, provide them with relevant practical knowledge and skills, and use instructional time efficiently. Several problems related to the topic “Electric Charges. Coulomb’s Law. Electric Field Intensity” within the Electromagnetism section are classified into different categories, and their solutions are provided.
Export operations audit and its implementation stages
Export-import operations have a significant impact on the financial stability and efficiency of enterprises. This article analyzes the audit of export operations, its methodology, and implementation stages in Uzbekistan. The study covers issues related to the use of specialized audit approaches, internal control systems, documentation, and accurate financial accounting.
Использование интерактивных подкастов и видеолекций в системе подготовки учителей-русистов.
Аннотация : В статье рассматриваются методические аспекты интеграции интерактивных подкастов и видеолекций в систему профессиональной подготовки учителей русского языка. Автор обосновывает эффективность использования данных форматов как средств интенсификации обучения, позволяющих реализовать модель «перевернутого класса» (flipped classroom). В работе анализируются дидактические функции аудиовизуальных ресурсов в формировании лингвистической и методической компетенций студентов. Особое внимание уделяется интерактивным элементам подкастов и видеолекций (встроенные тесты, проблемные ситуации, гиперссылки), которые способствуют переходу от пассивного восприятия информации к активному профессиональному мышлению. Результаты исследования подтверждают, что данные технологии повышают автономность студентов и обеспечивают гибкость образовательного процесса в педагогическом вузе.
O'qish savodxonligi darslarida vatanparvarlikni Istiqlol davri adabiyoti orqali shakllantirish metodikasi
Annotatsiya: Ushbu tezisda o'qish savodxonligi darslarida (boshlang'ich va o'rta sinflarda) Istiqlol davri o'zbek adabiyoti namunalari (she'riyat, nasr va publitsistika)dan foydalanish orqali o'quvchilarda vatanparvarlik tuyg'usini shakllantirishning metodik jihatlari ko'rib chiqiladi. Mustaqillik davri adabiyoti milliy g'urur, Vatan sadoqati, tarixiy xotira va ma'naviy qadriyatlar kabi mavzularni yangicha talqin qilganligi sababli, bu adabiyot o'qish ko'nikmalarini rivojlantirish bilan birga yosh avlodda vatanparvarlik ruhini mustahkamlashga xizmat qiladi. Tadqiqotda interfaol va integratsiyalashgan metodlar, asar tahlili, ifodali o'qish va muhokama usullari asosiy o'rin tutadi. Natijada o'quvchilarning o'qish savodxonligi oshishi bilan birga milliy ong va Vatan taqdiriga mas'uliyat tuyg'usi shakllanishi ta'kidlanadi.
O'qish savodxonligi darslarida boshlang'ich sinf o'quvchilarining ekologik madaniyatini shakllantirish metodikasi
Annotatsiya: Maqolada boshlang'ich sinf o'quvchilarida ekologik madaniyatni shakllantirishning muhim yo'nalishlaridan biri sifatida o'qish savodxonligi darslaridan foydalanish masalalari ko'rib chiqiladi. Ushbu darslar orqali o'quvchilarda atrof-muhitga ongli munosabat, tabiatni muhofaza qilish ko'nikmalari, ekologik mas'uliyat va estetik tuyg'ularni rivojlantirish mumkin. Maqolada integratsiyalashgan yondashuvlar, matnlar tanlash, suhbat va loyiha usullari, o'yinli mashqlar kabi metodlar tahlil qilinadi. Natijada o'quvchilarning ekologik savodxonligi va madaniyati oshirilishi, ularning tabiatga hurmat ruhida tarbiyalanishi ta'minlanadi. Tadqiqot O'zbekiston maktab ta'limi sharoitida amaliy ahamiyatga ega.
THE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT SOWING SCHEMES AND FEEDING NORMS ON SOIL WATER PERMEABILITY IN AMARANTH CROPS SOWN FOR GREEN MASS
Abstract. This article studies the effect of different sowing schemes and feeding rates on soil water permeability in amaranth (Amaranthus spp.) grown for green mass. The studies were conducted in 2023 at the end of the growing season in the 0–30 and 30–50 cm soil layers. Soil water permeability was determined for 6 hours, and the amount of water absorption was calculated for each hour. According to the results obtained, in all variants, the water absorption rate was high in the first hours and gradually decreased in the following hours. Planting schemes and feeding rates had a significant effect on soil water permeability. In particular, the water permeability in the 0–30 cm soil layer for a total of 6 hours was in the range of 797–879 units, and in the 30–50 cm layer it was 620–669 units. In the variants where relatively wider and optimal planting schemes are used, the soil permeability is high, which allows improving the water-air regime of the soil when growing amaranth for green mass. The results of the study are of scientific and practical importance in improving the agrotechnology of amaranth cultivation.
AutoCAD dasturida tutashma elementlarini 2D va 3D formatda loyihalashni o‘qitish asosida o‘quvchilarning hajmiy modellashtirish va rangli grafik ifodalash kompetensiyalarini rivojlantirish.
Annotatsiya: Ushbu maqolada raqamli ta’lim muhitida AutoCAD dasturida tutashma elementlarini 2D va 3D formatlarda loyihalashni o‘qitish jarayonining nazariy va amaliy asoslari yoritilgan. Ishda o‘quvchilarning hajmiy modellashtirish hamda rangli grafik vizualizatsiya kompetensiyalarini rivojlantirishga qaratilgan metodik yondashuv ishlab chiqilgan. Shuningdek, parametrik modellashtirish, geometrik bog‘lanishlar va vizual ifodalash vositalaridan foydalanish samaradorligi tahlil qilingan. Tadqiqot natijalari muhandislik grafikasi fanini o‘qitishda zamonaviy raqamli texnologiyalarni qo‘llash orqali ta’lim sifatini oshirish imkoniyatlarini asoslaydi.
Ta'lim jarayonida notiqlik qobiliyatini shakllantirishda ijtimoiy faollikning õrni
Annotatsiya: Ushbu tezisda ta'lim jarayonida notiqlik (oratorlik, ommaviy nutq so‘zlash) qobiliyatini rivojlantirish masalasi ko‘rib chiqiladi. Notiqlik qobiliyati shakllantirishda ijtimoiy faollikning o‘rni alohida ta’kidlanadi. Ijtimoiy faollik – shaxs yoki guruhning ijtimoiy jarayonlarga faol ishtirok etishi, jamoatchilik ishlarida qatnashishi, muloqot va targ‘ibot orqali fikr bildirish orqali notiqlik mahoratini oshirishning muhim omili hisoblanadi. Ta'lim muassasalarida ijtimoiy faoliyat (debatlar, jamoatchilik tadbirlari, loyihalar) notiqlik qobiliyatini amaliy ravishda mustahkamlashga yordam beradi. Tadqiqotda o‘zbek va xorijiy olimlarning fikrlari, shuningdek, ta'lim amaliyoti misollari keltirilgan. Tezis ta'lim tizimida notiqlik san'atini rivojlantirish bo‘yicha takliflar bilan yakunlanadi.
THE GRAIN QUALITY INDICATORS OF BUCKWHEAT
Abstract. This study evaluated the effect of sowing date and planting method on buckwheat grain quality when cultivated as a second crop. Results showed that delayed sowing reduced grain uniformity by 1-4%. Optimal uniformity (84%) was achieved with early sowing (June 20) using a single‑row method at 1 million seeds/ha, whereas the lowest (80%) resulted from late sowing (July 10) with a triple‑row method at 3 million seeds/ha. Similarly, grain test weight was highest (472 g/l) under early sowing with single-row planting and lowest (465 g/l) under late sowing with high-density triple-row planting. The findings demonstrate that early sowing with moderate plant density is crucial for maximizing both grain uniformity and test weight in second-crop buckwheat.
МОРФОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ИЗМЕНЕНИЕ КОЖИ ПРИ ПРИМЕНЕНИИ ПАКЛИТАКСЕЛА В ЭКСПРИМЕНТА
Аннотация. Часто при химиотерапии рака основным источником, определяющим прогноз состояния пациента, является наличие повреждения кожи. Спектр патологий кожи при химиотерапии связанных с опухолями, очень широк. Вот почему мы посвятили наше исследование опухолевым заболеваниям. Рост числа онкологических заболеваний в последние десятилетия требует разработки новых лекарственных средств и методов воздействия на опухолевые клетки, а в некоторых случаях и ужесточения схем химиотерапии. Наряду с успехами в лечении опухолевых заболеваний, токсичность лечения является огромной проблемой.
ХИМИОТЕРАПИЯ И МОРФОЛОГИЯ КОЖИ В ЭКСПРИМЕНТЕ
Aннотация. Химические препараты повреждают другие клетки и ткани, в том числе клетки кожи и ее производные. Общие клинические изменения кожи во время химиотерапии включают сыпь, покраснение, зуд и сухость кожи. Кроме того, у белых крыс наблюдается выпадение шерсти при применении химических средств. Химиотерапевтическое лечение также вызывает повышенную фоточувствительность. Это приводит к тому, что кожа и ее производных экспериментальных животных и становится чувствительной к солнечному лучу.
ANALYSIS OF STYLISTIC AND DISCURSIVE ERRORS IN MASTER’S THESIS WRITING
The quality of academic writing is a crucial indicator of research competence at the postgraduate level. Master’s theses are expected to meet established standards of academic style and discourse organization; however, many texts demonstrate persistent stylistic and discursive deficiencies. This study investigates the most frequent stylistic and discursive errors found in master’s thesis writing and examines their impact on textual coherence, clarity, and academic credibility. Employing a qualitative research design, the study analyzes a corpus of master’s theses written in English by non-native speakers through stylistic and discourse-oriented textual analysis. The findings reveal that common stylistic errors include inappropriate lexical choice, redundancy, informality, and syntactic complexity, while discursive errors primarily involve weak cohesion, unclear thematic progression, and inconsistent argument development. The study argues that these problems are closely linked to insufficient academic writing training, limited genre awareness, and the influence of native language discourse patterns. The article concludes by emphasizing the importance of systematic academic writing instruction and proposes pedagogically relevant strategies for improving stylistic accuracy and discourse competence in postgraduate education.
Prevention of Juvenile Delinquency through Collaboration between Mahallas and Educational Institutions
Juvenile delinquency is a significant social challenge that affects families, schools, and communities. This study examines the collaboration between mahallas and educational institutions in preventing youth involvement in criminal behavior. Through qualitative analysis, including interviews and observations, the research highlights how joint programs foster moral guidance, social responsibility, and constructive engagement among young people. Findings indicate that cooperation between community and school strengthens family support, promotes positive behavioral norms, and reduces the risk of delinquency. Culturally sensitive and sustainable strategies are essential to ensure long-term effectiveness.
Conceptualizing Time through Idiomatic Expressions: A Comparative Study of Spanish and Uzbek Phraseological Systems
Abstract: This article investigates the conceptualization of time as reflected in Spanish and Uzbek phraseology, focusing on the interaction between metaphor, cognition, and cultural models. Building upon the theoretical premises of conceptual metaphor theory and linguistic relativity, the study analyzes idiomatic expressions and proverbs that encode temporal meanings in both languages. The objective is to identify shared cognitive patterns in temporal metaphorization and to determine culturally specific configurations shaped by historical, religious, and socio-economic contexts. The analysis demonstrates that while both Spanish and Uzbek rely on spatial, motion-based, and resource metaphors to structure temporal experience, their phraseological systems differ in emphasis, semantic extension, and cultural resonance. Spanish idioms frequently conceptualize time as a linear resource subject to control and expenditure, whereas Uzbek expressions often integrate cyclicality, endurance, and communal temporality. The findings contribute to cross-linguistic phraseology and intercultural semantics by highlighting the linguistic encoding of culturally embedded temporal worldviews.
THE IMPACT OF THE PLATFORM ECONOMY (MARKETPLACE) ON NATIONAL MARKET DEVELOPMENT
The rapid expansion of the platform economy, particularly marketplace models, has significantly transformed national market dynamics. This study examines the mechanisms through which digital marketplaces influence market efficiency, inclusivity, competition, and institutional structures. By reducing transaction costs, facilitating direct interactions between producers and consumers, and broadening access for small and medium-sized enterprises, marketplace platforms enhance national economic performance and stimulate innovation. The analysis highlights both the opportunities and challenges associated with the platform economy, including regulatory adaptation, market concentration, and data governance. Overall, marketplace platforms emerge as critical drivers of sustainable national market development and economic modernization.
THE IMPACT OF E-COMMERCE ON REGIONAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
E-commerce has emerged as a transformative force in the global economy, reshaping business models, consumer behavior, and regional economic dynamics. This study investigates the influence of e-commerce on regional economic development, emphasizing its role in fostering entrepreneurship, increasing market access, and stimulating local employment. Using a combination of qualitative case studies and quantitative regional economic indicators, the research highlights both the opportunities and challenges posed by e-commerce. The findings suggest that regions actively integrating digital trade platforms experience enhanced economic growth, innovation, and inclusivity, whereas underdeveloped areas risk lagging due to digital infrastructure gaps. This study underscores the importance of strategic policy measures to harness e-commerce for balanced regional development.
Rassom-kulol Abduvohid Karimovning Buxoro kulolchilik maktabi an’analarini tiklashga qo‘shgan hissasi
Annotatsiya: Mazkur maqolada rassom-kulol Abduvohid Karimovning Buxoro kulolchilik maktabi an’analarini tiklash yo‘lidagi ijodiy va ilmiy-amaliy izlanishlari tahlil qilinadi. Xususan, “Buxoro moviy sopoli” fenomenining tarixiy uzilish sabablari hamda ishqoriy sir texnologiyasini qayta tiklash jarayonida usta tomonidan qo‘llangan metodik yondashuvlar yoritiladi. Maqolada ishqor manbalari (o‘simliklar), ularni yig‘ish-yoqish orqali frit (“ishqor-novvot”) olish, sir tayyorlash va pishirish rejimlarini amaliy rekonstruksiya qilish tajribalari, shuningdek, yozma manbalar va ustozlar xotirasi bilan bog‘liq dalillar asosida tiklanish jarayonining ilmiy ishonchliligi ko‘rsatib beriladi. Bundan tashqari, Buxoro me’moriy bezagi (koshinkorlik) va kulolchilik texnologiyalarining uyg‘unligi, restavratsiya amaliyotlari hamda xalqaro hamkorlik kontekstida Karimov faoliyatining madaniy merosni saqlash va qayta ishlab chiqarishdagi o‘rni asoslanadi.
Methodology for using electronic resources to develop grammatical competence in primary school students
Abstract: The rapid integration of digital technologies into primary education has opened new opportunities for enhancing grammatical competence among young learners. This thesis explores a systematic methodology for utilizing electronic resources—such as interactive apps, online platforms, multimedia tools, and educational software—to develop grammatical skills in primary school students (ages 6–10). The approach emphasizes interactive, game-based, and personalized learning to make grammar acquisition engaging and effective. Empirical evidence from recent studies indicates that digital tools improve motivation, provide immediate feedback, and support differentiated instruction, leading to better grammatical accuracy and usage in both oral and written forms. The methodology combines traditional grammar presentation with active practice through digital means, addressing challenges like short attention spans and varying proficiency levels in young children.
O‘QITISHDA INNOVATSION TA’LIM TEXNOLOGIYALARINI QO‘LLASH METODIK MUAMMO SIFATIDA
Mazkur maqolada zamonaviy ta’lim tizimida innovatsion ta’lim texnologiyalarini qo‘llash masalasi metodik muammo sifatida ilmiy-nazariy va amaliy jihatdan tahlil qilinadi. Bugungi globallashuv, raqamlashtirish va axborot texnologiyalarining jadal rivojlanishi sharoitida an’anaviy o‘qitish usullarining samaradorligi tobora pasayib, ta’lim jarayonida yangi pedagogik yondashuvlar va texnologiyalarga ehtiyoj kuchaymoqda. Maqolada innovatsion ta’lim texnologiyalarining mohiyati, turlari, ularni o‘quv jarayoniga tatbiq etishdagi metodik muammolar, o‘qituvchining innovatsion kompetensiyasi, ta’lim sifati va natijadorligiga ta’siri atroflicha yoritilgan. Shuningdek, innovatsion texnologiyalarni joriy etishda uchraydigan tashkiliy, psixologik va metodik to‘siqlar tahlil qilinib, ularni bartaraf etish bo‘yicha ilmiy asoslangan xulosalar va tavsiyalar berilgan. Tadqiqot natijalari ta’lim muassasalari pedagoglari, ilmiy izlanuvchilar hamda ta’lim tizimini boshqarish bilan shug‘ullanuvchi mutaxassislar uchun amaliy ahamiyatga ega.
INNOVATSION PEDAGOGIK TEXNOLOGIYALAR ORQALI KLASSIK G‘OYALARNI UYG‘UNLASHTIRISH MAZMUNI
Annotatsiya. Mazkur maqolada innovatsion pedagogik texnologiyalar orqali klassik pedagogik g‘oyalarni uyg‘unlashtirishning nazariy-metodologik asoslari tahlil qilinadi. Jumladan, Yan Amos Komenskiyning tabiiylik va tizimlilik tamoyillari, Iogann Genrix Pestalotssining “aql–qalb–qo‘l” birligiga asoslangan tarbiya konsepsiyasi hamda Konstantin Dmitriyevich Ushinskiyning shaxs kamolotiga qaratilgan qarashlari zamonaviy ta’lim texnologiyalari nuqtayi nazaridan qayta talqin etiladi. Tadqiqotda raqamli ta’lim muhiti, interaktiv metodlar, loyiha asosida o‘qitish, keys-stadi va multimedia vositalari kabi innovatsion yondashuvlar klassik g‘oyalarning mazmun-mohiyatini boyitish va amaliy samaradorligini oshirish vositasi sifatida asoslab beriladi. Shuningdek, ta’lim jarayonida o‘quvchining faolligi, mustaqil fikrlashi, ijodkorligi va kommunikativ kompetensiyasini rivojlantirishda innovatsion texnologiyalarning o‘rni ochib beriladi.
SHARQ MUTAFAKKIRLARI HAMDA MAHALLIY OLIMLARNING PEDAGOGIK QARASHLARIDA MILLIY AN’ANALARDAN FOYDALANISH MASALALARI
Annotatsiya. Ushbu maqola sharq mutafakkirlari va mahalliy olimlarning pedagogik qarashlarida milliy an’analardan foydalanish masalalarini tahlil qiladi. Maqolada Abu Nasr Forobiy, Abu Ali ibn Sino, Alisher Navoiy kabi sharq mutafakkirlari pedagogik g‘oyalari va Abdulla Avloniy, Hamid Olimjon kabi mahalliy olimlarning ta’limiy tajribalari o‘rganiladi. Ularning asarlarida milliy qadriyatlar, tarbiya tizimi va axloqiy tamoyillar talabalarning ma’naviy va intellektual rivojlanishida qanday qo‘llanilishi mumkinligi ko‘rib chiqiladi. Shu bilan birga, zamonaviy ta’lim jarayonida milliy an’analarni uyg‘unlashtirish va pedagogik merosdan samarali foydalanishning ahamiyati yoritiladi.
НЕЙРОМЕТАБОЛИЧЕСКИЙ ФЕНОТИП TORCH-АССОЦИИРОВАННОГО АУТИЗМА У ДЕТЕЙ
TORCH-инфекции, перенесённые в пренатальном периоде, рассматриваются как один из ключевых факторов формирования вторичных форм расстройств аутистического спектра (РАС), ассоциированных с органическим поражением центральной нервной системы. Инфекционно-воспалительное повреждение мозга плода приводит к стойким нейрональным и метаболическим нарушениям, формируя особый клинико-биохимический вариант аутизма, отличающийся высокой тяжестью и низким потенциалом компенсации.
Предикторная значимость биохимических маркеров при TORCH-ассоциированном аутизме у детей
Расстройства аутистического спектра (РАС) представляют собой гетерогенную группу нейроразвитийных нарушений, характеризующихся стойкими дефицитами социальной коммуникации, нарушениями поведения и когнитивной сферы. В последние годы особое внимание уделяется вторичным формам аутизма, обусловленным органическим поражением центральной нервной системы в перинатальном периоде. Одним из значимых факторов риска формирования таких форм являются TORCH-инфекции, приводящие к внутриутробному воспалительному и метаболическому повреждению головного мозга с развитием TORCH-индуцированной энцефалопатии.
The effect of planting pattern and fertilizer rates on the accumulation of biological dry mass of rice
Abstract. This study investigated the effect of different planting schemes and mineral fertilizer (NPK) rates on the accumulation of dry matter and total biomass of rice plants under the soil-climatic conditions of the Tashkent region. The rice varieties Billur and Gulistan were used as research objects. The experiment included three fertilizer treatments (N60P60K90, N90P60K90, and N120P60K90) combined with different seedling densities (planting schemes). The results showed that increasing the nitrogen rate significantly enhanced both the dry mass of a single plant and the total dry biomass per unit area. The highest individual plant dry mass values were recorded under the 25×25 cm planting scheme combined with the N120P60K90 fertilizer rate. Wider spacing provided better access to light, nutrients, and moisture, which promoted greater biomass accumulation per plant. During the ripening phase, the total dry biomass of the Billur variety reached 24.4–29.6 t/ha depending on the treatment. It was observed that when plant density per unit area was low (wider spacing), the dry mass of an individual plant was higher. Conversely, when seedling density was high (narrower spacing), total biomass accumulation per hectare increased due to the greater number of plants, despite the lower dry mass per individual plant. Overall, the findings indicate that both planting pattern and nitrogen fertilizer rate play a decisive role in dry matter accumulation and biomass formation in rice. Optimizing the balance between plant density and mineral nutrition is essential for achieving maximum biological productivity under the given agro-ecological conditions.
STEVIA REBAUDIANA: GLOBAL IMPORTANCE, DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS, AND CULTIVATION OPPORTUNITIES IN UZBEKISTAN
Abstract: Stevia rebaudiana is a low-calorie natural sweetener widely used in the food and nutraceutical industries. This study analyzes its biologically active properties, market trends, breeding and agrotechnological approaches, as well as the prospects for cultivation in Uzbekistan. The results indicate that stevia is a promising crop for healthy nutrition and export-oriented production.
GLOBAL QIYMAT ZANJIRLARIDA ISHTIROK ETISHNING EKSPORT SALOHIYATIGA TA’SIRI
Mazkur maqolada global qiymat zanjirlarida (GQZ) ishtirok etishning milliy eksport salohiyatiga ta’siri nazariy va empirik jihatdan tahlil qilinadi. Tadqiqotda ishlab chiqarishning xalqaro fragmentatsiyasi, qo‘shilgan qiymat taqsimoti, sanoat diversifikatsiyasi va texnologik transfer jarayonlari o‘rganiladi. Empirik tahlillar shuni ko‘rsatadiki, GQZga integratsiya eksport hajmi va sifatini oshirish, mahsulotlarning texnologik murakkabligini kuchaytirish hamda milliy iqtisodiyotning raqobatbardoshligini mustahkamlashga xizmat qiladi. Shu bilan birga, global ta’minot zanjirlaridagi uzilishlar risk omili sifatida namoyon bo‘ladi.
O‘ZBEK XALQ AMALIY SAN’ATI VA HUNARMANDCHILIGI AN’ANALARI, TARIXIY VA MADANIY AHAMIYATI
Mazkur maqolada O‘zbekiston xalq amaliy san’ati va hunarmandchilik an’analarining tarixiy shakllanishi, hududiy maktablari va ularning badiiy-estetik ahamiyati yoritiladi. Xalq ustalari tomonidan yaratilgan buyumlarning madaniy meros sifatidagi o‘rni, milliy identitetni shakllantirishdagi roli hamda zamonaviy davrda saqlash va rivojlantirish masalalari tahlil qilinadi.
ЛЕЧЕНИЕ ХРОНИЧЕСКОГО ГЕНЕРАЛИЗОВАННОГО ПАРОДОНТИТА С ПРИМЕНЕНИЕМ ФИТОПРЕПАРАТОВ
Аннотация. Хронический генерализованный пародонтит остаётся одной из наиболее распространённых стоматологических патологий воспалительного генеза и характеризуется прогрессирующей деструкцией тканей пародонта. Несмотря на внедрение современных методов профессиональной гигиены и антимикробной терапии, частота рецидивов заболевания остаётся высокой. Ограничения, связанные с развитием антибиотикорезистентности, дисбиотическими нарушениями и побочными реакциями синтетических препаратов, обосновывают необходимость поиска патогенетически обоснованных и биологически безопасных средств. Фитопрепараты, содержащие биологически активные вещества растительного происхождения (флавоноиды, дубильные вещества, эфирные масла, сапонины), обладают противовоспалительным, антисептическим, антиоксидантным и репаративным действием, что делает их перспективными для применения в комплексной терапии пародонтита.
MAKTABLARDA PYEDAGOGIK JARAYON SAMARADORLIGINI OSHIRISHNING PEDAGOGIK VA PSIXOLOGIYA IMKONIYATLARI
Annotatsiya. Mazkur maqolada maktablarda pedagogik jarayon samaradorligini oshirishda pedagogik va psixologik imkoniyatlar tahlil qilingan. Pedagogik faoliyat samaradorligini belgilashda didaktik metodlar, innovatsion pedagogik texnologiyalar, interaktiv o‘qitish usullari va shakllar, shuningdek psixologik qo‘llab-quvvatlash va motivatsiyaning ahamiyati ko‘rib chiqilgan. Maqolada psixologik diagnostika va monitoring orqali individual rivojlanish trayektoriyasini aniqlash imkoniyatlari ham yoritilgan. Shuningdek, pedagog va psixologning hamkorligi, ijobiy psixologik muhitni shakllantirish va refleksiv faoliyat orqali ta’lim samaradorligini oshirish mexanizmlari ilmiy asosda tavsiflangan.
O‘ZBEKISTONDA TA’LIM ISLOHOTLARINING NORMATIV-HUQUQIY ASOSLARI
Annotatsiya. Maqolada O‘zbekistonda ta’lim islohotlarining normativ-huquqiy asoslari tahlil qilinadi. Hozirgi kunda ta’lim tizimida amalga oshirilayotgan islohotlar qonunchilik va davlat dasturlari orqali tartibga solinadi. Maqolada ta’lim sohasini rivojlantirishda qonunlar, qarorlar va strategik hujjatlar rolini tahlil qilish, shuningdek ularning zamonaviy pedagogik va ijtimoiy talablarga mosligini o‘rganishga alohida e’tibor qaratilgan. Tahlil natijalari asosida davlat va pedagoglar uchun amaliy tavsiyalar beriladi.
THE INFLUENCE OF SOWING RATE ON THE CONTINUATION OF THE GROWTH PERIOD OF OILY FLAX VARIETIES
Abstract: Oil flax varieties showed the ability to germinate at the same time according to the planting criteria. A difference was observed between the varieties in the days of transition from the budding phase to the phases, and the ripening of the crop was determined in 102-105 days. It was observed that ripening was delayed by 1-2 days in comparison to the options where the sowing rate was 4.0 million pieces/ha, compared to 5.0 and 6.0 million pieces/ha. It was found that Fliz and Biryuza varieties ripened 2-5 days earlier than the control variety Bahorikor.
POLIFONIK NUTQ VA BADIIY XRONOTOP YAXLITLIGI
Badiiy syujet va kompozisiya elementlari, badiiy-tasviriy vositalar, umuman, har qanday detallarning bir butunligi nutq dinamikasida yanada ravshanlashadi. Chunki badiiy nutq elementlari so‘z, jumla, matn uzviyligini taqozolaydi. Mufallif bir paytning o‘zida ham voqelikni tartiblashtiruvchi, xuddi hukmron kishidek tutishini o‘ylaganimizda asardagi qahramonlar muloqotida barcha xarakterlar o‘z-o‘zidan ochila boradi. Muallif nutqi haqida so‘z borganda avvalo, muallif obrazi atamasiga aniqlik kiritib o‘tish joiz deb yo‘laymiz. Ayniqsa, uning ruhiy-botiniy olamidagi keskin kolliziyalar, o‘z-o‘zi bilan tinimsiz olishuv, syujet yaxlitligini ta’minlashga xizmat qiladi.
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY: GREEN ECONOMY, ECONOMIC SECURITY, AND HUMAN CAPITAL
This article explores the strategic foundations of sustainable development through the integration of green economy principles, economic security mechanisms, and human capital enhancement. The study examines how ecological modernization, structural economic diversification, and workforce development collectively contribute to long-term national resilience. Particular attention is given to institutional coordination, innovation-driven growth, and risk management in conditions of global uncertainty. The research emphasizes that sustainable development requires systemic transformation rather than isolated environmental reforms. The findings demonstrate that balanced interaction between environmental responsibility, economic stability, and intellectual capacity forms the basis for inclusive and competitive development.
ФАКТОРЫ РИСКА ФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНЫХ НАРУШЕНИЙ СЕРДЕЧНО-СОСУДИСТОЙ СИСТЕМЫ У ПОДРОСТКОВ ПРИЗЫВНОГО ВОЗРАСТА
Актуальность. У подростков призывного возраста функциональные сердечно-сосудистые жалобы и колебания артериального давления нередко сочетаются с факторами образа жизни и физического развития, которые способны усиливать нестабильность гемодинамики: избыточная масса тела, низкая физическая активность, хронический недосып, употребление стимуляторов (в т.ч. энергетических напитков), а также неблагоприятный семейный анамнез. Современные клинические рекомендации по повышенному артериальному давлению у детей и подростков подчеркивают, что именно оценка модифицируемых факторов риска и корректная фенотипизация повышения давления необходимы для ранней профилактики и предотвращения перехода функциональных колебаний в устойчивые формы [1,2].
MYTHOLOGICAL AND RELIGIOUS MOTIVES IN UZBEKISTAN HISTORICAL ANTHROPONYMS
This article analyzes the formation, semantic features, historical-cultural roots and linguo-cultural features of mythological and religious motifs found in ancient Uzbek names. The study scientifically illuminates anthroponyms that arose on the basis of Turkic mythology, totemistic views, cosmogonic ideas and Islamic tradition. It is argued that sacral, protective and symbolic meanings are predominant in the Uzbek naming system, reflecting the worldview and belief system of the people.
COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT IN POST-STROKE PARKINSONISM
Post-stroke parkinsonism (PSP) develops as a result of vascular damage to subcortical structures (basal ganglia, thalamus, frontal-subcortical connections) and is often accompanied by cognitive impairment, which worsens the prognosis and quality of life of patients. Unlike Parkinson's disease, the cognitive profile in PSP is predominantly vascular in nature.
Реабилитационные мероприятия у детей с церебральными параличами
Патофизиологическая основа формирования ДЦП – поражение головного мозга в определённый период его развития с последующим формированием патологического мышечного тонуса (преимущественно спастичности) при сохранении позотонических рефлексов и сопутствующем нарушении становления цепных установочных выпрямительных рефлексов. Главное отличие ДЦП от других центральных параличей – время воздействия патологического фактора. Существует несколько форм ДЦП:
САХАРНЫЙ ДИАБЕТ 2 ТИПА И КОГНИТИВНЫЕ НАРУШЕНИЯ
Аннотация. Сахарный диабет 2 типа (СД2) является значимым фактором риска развития когнитивных нарушений и деменции, формируя особый клинико-метаболический вариант поражения центральной нервной системы с высокой тяжестью и сниженным потенциалом компенсации. Хроническая гипергликемия и инсулинорезистентность приводят к оксидативному стрессу, повреждению нейронов и митохондрий, накоплению β-амилоида и гиперфосфорилированию тау-белка, а также активации нейровоспалительных процессов и эндотелиальной дисфункции, что сопровождается структурными изменениями гиппокампа, коры и белого вещества мозга.
EFFECTIVENESS AND MECHANISMS OF ACTION OF MICROCURRENT REFLEXOTHERAPY IN THE COMPREHENSIVE REHABILITATION OF CHILDREN WITH CONGENITAL MICROCEPHALY
Microcephaly is among the most severe perinatal pathologies, characterized by irreversible structural changes in the brain and persistent impairments of a child’s psychoneurological development. In recent years, a steady increase in the detection rate of this condition has been observed, which is associated both with improvements in diagnostic methods and with the impact of adverse environmental factors, infectious morbidity among pregnant women, as well as socio-biological aspects of reproductive health.
BLENDLASHUV QISQARTMALARINING LINGVOPRAGMATIK XUSUSIYATLARI
Zamonaviy tilshunoslikda til birliklari nafaqat ularning grammatik va semantik tuzilishi asosida, balki nutq jarayonidagi funksional-pragmatik xususiyatlari nuqtai nazaridan ham tadqiq etilmoqda. Til — bu faqat aloqa vositasi emas, balki ijtimoiy ta’sir mexanizmi hamdir. Shu bois har bir yangi leksik birlik, jumladan, blendlashuv asosida yaratilgan qisqartmalar ham muayyan pragmatik maqsadga xizmat qiladi.
Formation of Neologisms in Modern English and Their Social Causes
This article is dedicated to the analysis of the formation of neologisms in modern English and the social reasons that prompted their emergence. The research shows that the emergence of new words is directly linked to extralinguistic factors (non-linguistic factors) such as technological revolutions, political changes, cultural trends, and the need for inclusivity in society. Through corpus analysis and a sociolinguistic approach, the mechanisms by which neologisms enter the vocabulary are studied, concluding that they are an important indicator reflecting the adaptability of the language.
Raps ekinining o‘sish va rivojlanish jarayonlariga o‘g‘itlashning agronomik ahamiyati.
Maqolada moyli raps ekining kelib chiqishi, biologiyasi, morfologiyasi va moyliligi to‘g‘risida ma’lumotlar keltirilgan.
TURLI AZOTLI O‘G‘ITLAR BILAN OZIQLANTIRISHNING KUZGI BUG‘DOY DON HOSILDORLIGIGA TA’SIRI
Maqolada kuzgi bug‘doy yetishtirishda turli xil azotli o‘g‘itlanrning turlari va me’yorlarining kuzgi bug‘doy hosildorligiga ta’siri bo‘yicha o‘tkazilgan dala tajribalari natijalari keltirilgan. Tadqiqotda azot me’yorini N180 dan N240 gacha oshirish hamda oziqlantirishda ammiakli selitra, karbamid va ammoniy sulfat o‘g‘itlarini turli fazalarda qo‘llashning samaradorligi qiyosiy tahlil qilingan. Eng yuqori hosildorlik ko‘rsatkichlari qaysi variantlarda kuzatilgani ilmiy asoslab berilgan.