EFFECTIENCY OF ANTERIOR TOOTH RESTORATIONS USING “INVISIBLE” ADHESIVE PROTOCOLS
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical effectiveness and esthetic outcomes of anterior tooth restorations performed using “invisible” adhesive protocols designed to provide seamless integration between restorative material and dental tissues. A total of 60 patients aged 20–45 years with class III and IV carious lesions or traumatic defects of maxillary anterior teeth were enrolled. Direct composite restorations were performed using a universal adhesive system (8th generation) with an optimized invisible protocol involving selective enamel etching, controlled adhesive film thickness, and stratified composite layering.
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